Raw papaya ferments in the fridge due to the activity of naturally occurring yeasts and bacteria, which thrive even at refrigerated temperatures, breaking down sugars and producing acids and gases. This process is accelerated if the papaya is damaged or bruised.
Raw papaya, like many fruits and vegetables, contains natural sugars and is home to various microorganisms, including yeasts and bacteria. While refrigeration slows down microbial activity, it doesn't completely stop it. These microorganisms consume the sugars present in the papaya through a process called fermentation. This process produces byproducts such as lactic acid, acetic acid, and carbon dioxide. The acids contribute to a sour taste, while the carbon dioxide can cause bloating or a slight effervescence. Damage to the papaya's skin or flesh provides entry points for these microorganisms, accelerating the fermentation process. Furthermore, if the refrigerator temperature is not consistently cold enough (ideally below 40°F or 4°C), the rate of fermentation will increase. The presence of moisture can also encourage microbial growth.
To slow down fermentation, store raw papaya in an airtight container in the coldest part of your refrigerator. Avoid storing it near ethylene-producing fruits like bananas or apples, as ethylene can accelerate ripening and subsequent fermentation.