Quinoa smells earthy when stored for a long time due to the oxidation of its natural oils and the absorption of environmental odors. This is a natural process and doesn't necessarily mean the quinoa is spoiled, but it can affect the taste.
Quinoa contains natural oils, similar to many other grains and seeds. Over time, these oils can undergo oxidation, a chemical reaction with oxygen in the air. This oxidation process can lead to the development of volatile compounds that produce an earthy or musty smell. The longer quinoa is stored, especially if it's not stored properly, the more pronounced this smell becomes. Furthermore, quinoa is porous and can absorb odors from its surroundings. If stored near spices, cleaning products, or other strong-smelling items, it can take on those scents, contributing to the overall earthy or off-putting aroma. The combination of oil oxidation and odor absorption is the primary reason for the change in smell during long-term storage. While a slight earthy smell is normal, a very strong or rancid odor indicates that the quinoa may have gone bad and should be discarded.
To minimize the earthy smell and extend the shelf life of your quinoa, store it in an airtight container in a cool, dark, and dry place, away from strong-smelling foods or chemicals.