Chili oil should be stored in the refrigerator after opening to maintain its quality, flavor, and prevent rancidity. Unopened chili oil can be stored in a cool, dark pantry.
Chili oil is typically made by infusing oil with chili peppers and other spices. While the oil itself is shelf-stable, the added ingredients, especially fresh spices or ingredients that might contain moisture, can degrade over time, leading to a loss of flavor and potential spoilage. Storing chili oil in the refrigerator slows down these processes significantly. The cool temperature inhibits the growth of bacteria and mold, and it also helps to preserve the vibrant color and intense flavor of the chili peppers. While the oil may solidify slightly in the fridge, it will quickly return to its liquid state at room temperature. Unopened chili oil, if properly sealed, can be stored in a pantry away from direct sunlight and heat. However, once opened, refrigeration is highly recommended.
Always use a clean utensil when scooping chili oil from the jar to prevent introducing contaminants that can accelerate spoilage, even when refrigerated.