Cumin powder changes color in plastic jars primarily due to oxidation and exposure to light, which degrade the pigments in the spice over time. The plastic itself can also contribute by being porous and allowing air and moisture to interact with the cumin.
Cumin powder's color comes from natural pigments within the spice. These pigments are susceptible to degradation when exposed to oxygen, light, and moisture. Plastic jars, while convenient, are often more permeable than glass or metal containers. This means that air and moisture can slowly seep through the plastic, leading to oxidation of the cumin powder. Oxidation causes the pigments to break down, resulting in a change in color, typically a fading or dulling of the original hue. Furthermore, if the plastic jar is transparent or translucent, light can penetrate and accelerate the degradation process. The combination of these factors contributes to the color change you observe in cumin powder stored in plastic jars. The type of plastic used can also play a role; some plastics are more porous than others.
To preserve the color and flavor of your cumin powder, store it in an airtight glass or metal container in a cool, dark place. This minimizes exposure to oxygen, light, and moisture, significantly extending its shelf life and preventing color changes.