Overmixing pakora batter develops the gluten in the flour, resulting in tough and chewy pakoras instead of light and crispy ones. The batter should be just combined.
Pakora batter relies on a delicate balance to achieve its signature crispy texture. The key is to avoid activating the gluten in the flour. Gluten is a protein that, when mixed with water, forms elastic strands. These strands are desirable in bread making, but not in pakoras.
When you overmix the batter, you encourage the formation of these gluten strands. This results in a batter that is too elastic and, when fried, produces pakoras that are dense, chewy, and not as crispy.
The ideal pakora batter should be just combined. This means mixing the ingredients until they are barely incorporated, with some lumps remaining. A slightly lumpy batter is preferable to an overmixed one. The resting period after mixing allows the flour to hydrate without excessive gluten development.
Use cold water when mixing your pakora batter. Cold water helps to inhibit gluten development, contributing to a lighter and crispier final product.