Reusing wash water can spread contaminants from one produce item to another, increasing the risk of cross-contamination and foodborne illness. It's best to use fresh, clean water for each batch of produce.
When you wash produce, you're removing dirt, pesticides, and potentially harmful bacteria like E. coli, Salmonella, and Listeria from the surface. If you reuse the same water for multiple batches of produce, these contaminants can accumulate in the water. This means that subsequent batches of produce are essentially being washed in dirty water, increasing the risk of cross-contamination. The bacteria can transfer from the water back onto the produce, negating the benefits of washing in the first place. Different types of produce may also carry different types of contaminants, so reusing water can create a 'cocktail' of potential hazards. Using fresh, clean water for each batch ensures that you're effectively removing contaminants and minimizing the risk of spreading them.
Consider using a produce wash solution in your water, but always rinse thoroughly with fresh water afterward. Even with a wash solution, reusing the water is not recommended due to the build-up of organic matter and potential for cross-contamination.