A recipe might instruct you to peel garlic to remove the papery skin, which can be bitter and affect the dish's flavor and texture, especially in recipes where garlic is used raw or lightly cooked.
Peeling garlic is often necessary for several reasons related to flavor, texture, and aesthetics. The papery skin surrounding garlic cloves is not easily digestible and can impart a bitter taste to the dish, particularly if the garlic is not cooked thoroughly. In recipes where garlic is used raw, such as in aioli, pesto, or some salad dressings, the raw garlic flavor is more pronounced, making the presence of the skin even more undesirable.
Furthermore, the skin's texture is unpleasant to eat. It's tough and doesn't break down easily during cooking, which can detract from the overall eating experience. In dishes where a smooth or creamy texture is desired, such as purees or sauces, removing the skin is crucial.
Finally, for aesthetic reasons, peeled garlic cloves look more appealing in a finished dish. This is especially important in professional cooking or when presenting food to guests.
To easily peel garlic, smash the clove gently with the flat side of a knife. This loosens the skin, making it much easier to remove. You can also place the cloves in a bowl, cover with another bowl, and shake vigorously for a few seconds to separate the skin.