Why does zest contain most of a fruit’s aromatic oils?

Question

Discover the science behind why citrus zest is so aromatic. Learn how the peel acts as a protective vessel for the fruit's most potent flavor oils.

Answer 1

Zest contains most of a fruit's aromatic oils because the oil glands are concentrated in the outer layer of the peel, known as the flavedo, which is what zest consists of. These oils contribute significantly to the fruit's characteristic aroma and flavor.

Detailed Explanation:

The zest of a fruit, such as a lemon, orange, or lime, is the outermost layer of the peel. This layer, called the flavedo, is where the majority of the fruit's oil glands are located. These glands contain volatile aromatic compounds, which are responsible for the distinctive scent and flavor associated with the fruit. When you zest a fruit, you're essentially releasing these oils, providing a concentrated burst of flavor and aroma. The white pith underneath the flavedo, called the albedo, is bitter and contains fewer oils, which is why it's important to avoid including it when zesting. The oils in the zest are protected within the peel until released by grating or peeling, preserving their potency.

Pro Tip:

Use a microplane zester for the finest zest and to avoid accidentally grating the bitter white pith. This ensures you get the maximum flavor without the unwanted bitterness.