The white powder on pulses stored for extended periods is usually a harmless coating of starch that leaches out due to moisture and temperature fluctuations. It can also be a sign of insect activity or mold growth in some cases.
Pulses, like lentils, beans, and peas, are naturally rich in starch. When stored for a long time, especially in environments with varying humidity and temperature, some of this starch can migrate to the surface of the pulses. This process is similar to how chocolate can develop a 'bloom' over time. The starch then crystallizes, forming a white, powdery layer. This is generally harmless and doesn't affect the edibility of the pulses after washing.
However, it's crucial to differentiate this harmless starch coating from other potential issues. If the white powder is accompanied by a musty odor, webbing, or visible insects, it could indicate a pest infestation or mold growth. In such cases, it's best to discard the pulses to avoid health risks. Proper storage is key to preventing these problems.
To prevent the formation of white powder and other storage-related issues, store pulses in airtight containers in a cool, dry, and dark place. Adding a bay leaf to the container can also help deter insects.