Foam in sprouted moong water is primarily caused by saponins, natural compounds found in moong beans, released during the sprouting process. These saponins create a soapy lather when agitated in water.
When moong beans sprout, several biochemical changes occur. One of these changes involves the release of saponins. Saponins are glycosides, meaning they are sugar molecules attached to a non-sugar molecule. These compounds have a unique structure that allows them to act as surfactants, reducing the surface tension of water. This is why they create foam or lather when the water is stirred or shaken. The amount of foam can vary depending on the variety of moong beans, the sprouting conditions (temperature, humidity), and the duration of the sprouting process. The longer the beans sprout, the more saponins may be released. While the foam might seem concerning, saponins are generally considered safe to consume in small quantities and are even believed to have some health benefits.
To reduce the amount of foam, rinse the sprouted moong beans thoroughly several times before using the water. This helps remove excess saponins that have been released into the water.