Fish develops a strong odor in the fridge primarily due to bacterial breakdown and oxidation of fats, leading to the production of volatile compounds like amines and sulfur-containing molecules. Keeping fish very cold and properly sealed slows down these processes.
The characteristic 'fishy' smell arises from a combination of factors. Firstly, bacteria naturally present on the fish begin to break down amino acids, producing amines like trimethylamine (TMA). TMA is largely responsible for the unpleasant odor. Secondly, the unsaturated fats in fish, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, are prone to oxidation. This process, accelerated by exposure to air and warmer temperatures, creates volatile aldehydes and ketones, which also contribute to the smell. The enzymes present in the fish also continue to break down the flesh, even at refrigerated temperatures, further contributing to the odor. The warmer the temperature, the faster these processes occur. Therefore, maintaining a consistently cold temperature in your refrigerator is crucial for slowing down the development of the fishy smell.
To minimize fish odor, store it in an airtight container nestled in a bed of ice in the coldest part of your refrigerator (usually the bottom shelf). This significantly slows down bacterial growth and oxidation, preserving the fish's freshness and reducing the smell.