Ghee is properly clarified when it's a clear, golden yellow color, the milk solids have settled at the bottom and turned golden brown, and it emits a nutty, aromatic fragrance.
Clarifying ghee involves melting butter and simmering it gently to separate the milk solids and water from the pure butterfat. Here's a breakdown of the visual and aromatic cues to look for:
Visual Clarity: Initially, the butter will be cloudy and opaque. As it simmers, the water evaporates, and the milk solids begin to separate. The ghee is ready when it becomes transparent and a clear, golden yellow color. You should be able to see through it to the bottom of the pot.
Milk Solids: The milk solids will gradually sink to the bottom of the pot. As the ghee clarifies, these solids will turn from white to a light golden brown, and eventually to a deeper golden brown. Be careful not to burn them, as this will affect the flavor of the ghee.
Aromatic Fragrance: As the ghee clarifies, it will develop a distinct nutty and aromatic fragrance. This is a key indicator that the process is nearing completion. The aroma should be pleasant and inviting, not burnt or acrid.
Reduced Bubbling: Initially, there will be a lot of bubbling as the water evaporates. As the ghee clarifies, the bubbling will subside significantly. Once the bubbling has almost completely stopped, it's a good sign that most of the water has been removed.
Use a stainless steel or heavy-bottomed pot to prevent scorching the milk solids. Keep the heat low and simmer gently to avoid burning, which can impart a bitter taste to the ghee.