Ghee is more suitable than butter for sautéing because it has a higher smoke point, preventing burning and imparting a nutty flavor without browning too quickly. This allows for better flavor development without the risk of bitterness.
Butter contains milk solids and water, which cause it to burn at a lower temperature (around 302°F or 150°C). Ghee, on the other hand, is clarified butter, meaning the milk solids and water have been removed. This process significantly raises its smoke point to around 482°F (250°C). When sautéing ingredients like onions and spices, a higher smoke point is desirable because it allows you to cook them at a higher temperature without the butter burning and turning bitter. This higher heat helps to release the flavors and aromas of the spices more effectively, creating a richer and more complex flavor base for your dish. Furthermore, the process of making ghee imparts a slightly nutty flavor, which can enhance the overall taste of the dish.
When using ghee, start with a medium heat to gently warm the spices and release their aromas before increasing the heat to sauté the onions. This prevents the spices from burning and ensures a more even flavor distribution.