Hing paste becomes lumpy after a month primarily due to moisture absorption and the natural clumping tendencies of asafoetida resin. Proper storage is crucial to prevent this.
Hing, also known as asafoetida, is a resinous gum extracted from the roots of Ferula plants. It's highly hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air. When hing paste is exposed to humidity, the moisture causes the resin particles to stick together, forming lumps. Additionally, the inherent stickiness of the resin itself contributes to clumping over time, even in relatively dry conditions. The volatile oils in hing can also evaporate, further solidifying the paste and making it more prone to lumpiness. The quality of the hing also plays a role; lower quality hing may contain more impurities that contribute to clumping.
To prevent hing paste from becoming lumpy, store it in an airtight container in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and humidity. Consider adding a small amount of rice flour to the paste when you make it; this can help absorb excess moisture and prevent clumping.