Yes, curdled milk can be reused in cooking, especially in recipes like pancakes, muffins, or baked goods where the acidity can add a desirable tang and tender texture. However, it should not be consumed directly if curdled due to spoilage.
Curdled milk occurs when the proteins in milk coagulate, separating into curds and whey. This can happen due to the presence of acid (like lemon juice or vinegar) or due to spoilage. If the milk curdled because you intentionally added an acid, it's perfectly safe to use. The acid helps to tenderize gluten in baked goods, resulting in a softer texture. Think of it as a homemade buttermilk substitute.
However, if the milk curdled due to spoilage (accompanied by a sour smell and potentially a bitter taste), it's best to avoid drinking it directly. While cooking might kill some bacteria, it won't eliminate all the toxins that may have formed. Using spoiled milk in cooking could lead to an unpleasant flavor or even make you sick.
To determine if curdled milk is safe to use, smell it and taste a tiny amount. If it smells and tastes only slightly sour (like yogurt), it's likely safe for cooking. If it smells strongly sour or has a bitter taste, discard it.
When using curdled milk in baking, reduce the amount of other acidic ingredients (like lemon juice or vinegar) in the recipe to avoid an overly tangy flavor. You might also want to add a pinch of baking soda to neutralize some of the acidity.