You can wash vegetables with a solution of water and vinegar or baking soda to help remove pesticide residue. Thorough rinsing under running water is also effective.
While completely removing all pesticide residue is difficult without specialized equipment, several methods can significantly reduce the amount present on your vegetables. Here's a breakdown:
Running Water: Simply rinsing vegetables under cold, running water for 1-2 minutes is a good first step. The physical action of the water helps dislodge surface residues.
Vinegar Soak: Create a solution of 1 part white vinegar to 3 parts water. Soak the vegetables in this solution for about 15-20 minutes. The acetic acid in vinegar can help break down some pesticides. Rinse thoroughly with running water after soaking.
Baking Soda Soak: A solution of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and water can also be effective. Use about 1 teaspoon of baking soda per 2 cups of water. Soak the vegetables for 15-20 minutes, then rinse well.
Peeling: If possible and appropriate for the vegetable, peeling can remove a significant amount of surface residue. However, keep in mind that peeling also removes valuable nutrients.
Commercial Vegetable Washes: There are commercially available vegetable washes that are specifically formulated to remove pesticides and other contaminants. Follow the instructions on the product label.
Remember to wash your hands thoroughly before and after handling vegetables.
For leafy greens, separate the leaves and wash them individually to ensure thorough cleaning. A salad spinner can be helpful for drying them afterwards.