Salt can help to reduce some unpleasant odors in certain ingredients by suppressing volatile compounds and altering their perception. However, it's not a universal solution and may not work for all odors.
Salt's ability to mask odors stems from a few different mechanisms. Firstly, salt can bind to some volatile odor compounds, reducing their ability to evaporate and reach your nose. This is particularly effective for certain sulfurous compounds that contribute to unpleasant smells in foods like onions or garlic. Secondly, salt can alter the way we perceive odors. By stimulating taste receptors on the tongue, salt can create a competing sensation that distracts from or diminishes the perception of the unwanted odor. Finally, in some cases, salt can inhibit the growth of odor-producing bacteria, especially in food preservation contexts. However, it's important to note that salt is not a magic bullet. It won't eliminate all odors, and in some cases, it might even enhance certain undesirable smells. The effectiveness of salt depends heavily on the specific odor, the ingredient, and the concentration of salt used. For example, soaking vegetables in salted water can sometimes reduce bitterness and earthy smells.
Before relying on salt to mask an odor, experiment with a small amount first. Adding too much salt can negatively impact the taste and texture of your dish, potentially making the problem worse than the original odor.