Koftas disintegrate in gravy primarily due to insufficient binding ingredients, too much moisture in the kofta mixture, or frying at too low a temperature.
Several factors can contribute to koftas falling apart in the gravy. Let's break them down:
Insufficient Binding: The kofta mixture needs a binding agent to hold its shape during frying and simmering. Common binders include all-purpose flour (maida), gram flour (besan), cornstarch, or even mashed potatoes. If you don't use enough binder, the koftas will be too fragile.
Excess Moisture: If the vegetables or paneer in your kofta mixture contain too much moisture, the koftas will become soft and prone to disintegration. Make sure to squeeze out excess water from grated vegetables and paneer before mixing.
Incorrect Frying Temperature: Frying the koftas at too low a temperature will cause them to absorb more oil and become soggy. This weakens their structure and makes them more likely to fall apart in the gravy. The oil should be hot enough to quickly sear the outside, creating a protective crust.
Overcrowding the Pan: Overcrowding the pan during frying lowers the oil temperature and leads to uneven cooking. Fry the koftas in batches to maintain a consistent temperature.
Gentle Handling: Koftas are delicate, especially when freshly fried. Handle them gently when transferring them to the gravy to avoid breaking them.
Before frying all the koftas, fry a single test kofta. If it falls apart, adjust the mixture by adding more binding agent or squeezing out more moisture. This will save you from wasting the entire batch.